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Tooth Enamel Erosion: What Causes It and How to Protect Your Teeth

Enamel erosion is the slow loss of the hard outer layer of your teeth caused by acid. Unlike a cavity, which comes from bacteria, erosion often comes from acid itself: acidic drinks and foods, or stomach acid from reflux or vomiting. Enamel does not grow back, so protecting it matters.

Quick answers

What causes tooth enamel erosion?

Frequent contact with acid. Common sources are soda, sports and energy drinks, citrus-flavored drinks, frequent juice, sour candy, and stomach acid from reflux or frequent vomiting.

Can acid reflux damage your teeth?

Yes. Reflux can bring stomach acid into the mouth, where it can wear enamel over time. If you have reflux, tell both your dentist and your physician.

How do you protect enamel after something acidic?

Do not swish or hold it in your mouth. Rinse with water afterward, and wait about 60 minutes before brushing so you do not brush away softened enamel.

Common acid sources

  • Soda, including diet soda
  • Sports drinks and energy drinks
  • Citrus-flavored drinks and frequent fruit juice
  • Sour candy
  • Stomach acid from reflux or frequent vomiting

Habits that protect your enamel

  1. Limit how often you have acidic drinks. Have them with a meal instead of sipping them through the day.
  2. Do not swish or hold acidic drinks in your mouth. The less contact time, the better.
  3. Rinse with water afterward. Water dilutes the acid.
  4. Wait about 60 minutes to brush. Acid softens the surface of your teeth for a while. More on when to brush.
  5. Use fluoride toothpaste. Fluoride helps strengthen enamel.
  6. Choose still water between meals. It is the best everyday drink for your teeth.

Reflux, vomiting, and your teeth

If you have reflux, heartburn, or frequent vomiting for any reason, including pregnancy, a medical condition, or an eating disorder, your teeth may be exposed to stomach acid often. Tell your dentist so your care plan can account for it, and talk with your physician about managing the cause.

For the full picture on food choices, see foods that are good for your teeth.

Talk it through at your next visit

At Advanced Dental Care in Provo, cleanings and exams include time with a hygienist who can look at your own risk and help you adjust your habits. Request an appointment or call (801) 758-2443.

Related guides

Sources and further reading

Adapted from the Advanced Dental Care Nutrition and Oral Health patient guide. Aligned with ADA guidance; not an ADA publication.

This guide is general education from Advanced Dental Care in Provo, Utah. It is not a substitute for advice from your own dentist or physician.

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